解决Shadowsocks延时问题 让速度飞起来

这部分属于进阶操作,在你使用Shadowsocks时感觉到延迟较大,或吞吐量较低时,可以考虑对服务器端进行优化。

开启BBR

BBR系Google最新开发的TCP拥塞控制算法,目前有着较好的带宽提升效果,甚至不比老牌的锐速差。

升级Linux内核

BBR在Linux kernel 4.9引入。首先检查服务器kernel版本:Bash

uname -r

如果其显示版本在4.9.0之下,则需要升级Linux内核,否则请忽略下文。

更新包管理器:Bash

sudo apt update

查看可用的Linux内核版本:Bash

sudo apt-cache showpkg linux-image

找到一个你想要升级的Linux内核版本,如“linux-image-4.10.0-22-generic”:Bash

sudo apt install linux-image-4.10.0-22-generic

等待安装完成后重启服务器:Bash

sudo reboot

删除老的Linux内核:Bash

sudo purge-old-kernels

开启BBR

运行lsmod | grep bbr,如果结果中没有tcp_bbr,则先运行:Bash

modprobe tcp_bbr
echo "tcp_bbr" >> /etc/modules-load.d/modules.conf

运行:Bash

echo "net.core.default_qdisc=fq" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control=bbr" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

运行:Bash

sysctl -p

保存生效。运行:Bash

sysctl net.ipv4.tcp_available_congestion_control
sysctl net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control

若均有bbr,则开启BBR成功。

优化吞吐量

新建配置文件:Bash

sudo nano /etc/sysctl.d/local.conf

复制粘贴:

# max open files
fs.file-max = 51200
# max read buffer
net.core.rmem_max = 67108864
# max write buffer
net.core.wmem_max = 67108864
# default read buffer
net.core.rmem_default = 65536
# default write buffer
net.core.wmem_default = 65536
# max processor input queue
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 4096
# max backlog
net.core.somaxconn = 4096

# resist SYN flood attacks
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
# reuse timewait sockets when safe
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
# turn off fast timewait sockets recycling
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 0
# short FIN timeout
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
# short keepalive time
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 1200
# outbound port range
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 10000 65000
# max SYN backlog
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 4096
# max timewait sockets held by system simultaneously
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 5000
# turn on TCP Fast Open on both client and server side
net.ipv4.tcp_fastopen = 3
# TCP receive buffer
net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 87380 67108864
# TCP write buffer
net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 65536 67108864
# turn on path MTU discovery
net.ipv4.tcp_mtu_probing = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control = bbr

运行:Bash

sysctl --system

编辑之前的shadowsocks-server.service文件:Bash

sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/shadowsocks-server.service

ExecStart前插入一行,内容为:

ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c 'ulimit -n 51200'

即修改后的shadowsocks-server.service内容为:

[Unit]
Description=Shadowsocks Server
After=network.target

[Service]
ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c 'ulimit -n 51200'
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/ssserver -c /etc/shadowsocks/config.json
Restart=on-abort

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Ctrl + O保存文件,Ctrl + X退出。

重载shadowsocks-server.service:Bash

sudo systemctl daemon-reload

重启Shadowsocks:Bash

sudo systemctl restart shadowsocks-server

开启TCP Fast Open

TCP Fast Open可以降低Shadowsocks服务器和客户端的延迟。实际上在上一步已经开启了TCP Fast Open,现在只需要在Shadowsocks配置中启用TCP Fast Open。

编辑config.json:Bash

sudo nano /etc/shadowsocks/config.json

fast_open的值由false修改为trueCtrl + O保存文件,Ctrl + X退出。

重启Shadowsocks:Bash

sudo systemctl restart shadowsocks-server

注意:TCP Fast Open同时需要客户端的支持,即客户端Linux内核版本为3.7.1及以上;你可以在Shadowsocks客户端中启用TCP Fast Open。

至此,Shadowsock服务器端的优化已经全部完成了!